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Work out the excavation volume

Work out a sloped foundation pit with the prismoidal formula and road or channel excavation with the average end area method between cross-sections. You pick the method; the result names it. No sign-up.

Calculator

Excavation volume

First pick the method: the prismoidal formula for a sloped pit, the average end area method between cross-sections. The item description or the technical specification says which excavation is measured with which slope and working margin.

Measurement method
Prismoidal formula
A sloped foundation pit: from the base, the depth and the slope. Exact for plane faces.
Average end area method
Road and channel excavation: from the areas of consecutive cross-sections and the distances between them.

Pick a method; the tool does not pick one for you.

First pick a method

The prismoidal formula or the average end area method. The tool does not pick one for you.

Method

How the excavation volume is found

There are two methods, and the tool never picks one by itself. The item description or the technical specification says how an excavation is measured.

Formula

Prismoidal: V = h/6 × (A base + 4 × A middle + A top)

Average end area: V = (A1 + A2) / 2 × L

In the prismoidal formula the top measure is base + 2 × slope × depth and the middle one base + slope × depth, in both directions. A 10 × 6 base, 2 m deep with 1:1 slopes, gives a 14 × 10 top, a 12 × 8 middle and 194.667 m³. The same pit by average end area gives 200.000 m³.

Rules

Prismoidal formula
Exact for sloped pits with plane faces. Worked out from the base, middle and top section areas.
Average end area method
The mean area of two consecutive cross-sections times the distance between them; along a line of many sections, the pairs are added up. Common for roads and channels.
Slope
Entered as horizontal : vertical; 1 means 1:1, opening 1 m on each side for each metre of depth. 0 is a vertical side.
Working margin
Width added to each side of the base; blank means 0. The item description or the technical specification sets it.
No rounding along the way
Lines and total are worked out with exact values; only the figure on screen is rounded: m, m², m³ and kg to 3 decimals, tonnes to 6. A copied value carries 8 decimals. A quantity rounded along the way leaves a gap that turns into money once multiplied by the unit price.
Deduction lines
Each thing to deduct goes on its own line, marked as a deduction; the sheet counts it negative. If the deductions exceed what was added, no total is given.
Measurement rules come from the item description
The "Measurement" clause of the item description and the technical specification decide which voids are deducted and how intersections are measured. The tool applies no void threshold and deducts no intersection by itself.
Copying for Excel
The sheet is copied with its header, lines and total as tab-separated text. Numbers use the page's decimal mark and no thousands separator; deductions carry a minus sign.

What this tool does not cover

It does not work out fill, bulking or compaction allowances, slopes that differ by side, or the overlapping volume of neighbouring pits.

It does not apply the item description's measurement clauses by itself, read quantities from drawings (DWG, IFC), or multiply quantities by unit prices into amounts.

Frequently asked

About excavation volume

For sloped excavation such as a foundation pit, with the prismoidal formula: V = h/6 × (A base + 4 × A middle + A top). For roads and channels, with the average end area method between cross-sections: V = (A1 + A2) / 2 × L.

The average end area takes the mean of the base and top areas and overstates a sloped pit. A pit with a 10 × 6 base, 2 m deep with 1:1 slopes, is 194.667 m³ by the prismoidal formula and 200.000 m³ by average end area.

For long excavation such as roads, channels and trenches, where cross-sections are taken at given stations. Between two sections of 12.50 and 18.30 m², 20 m apart, lie (12.50 + 18.30) / 2 × 20 = 308.000 m³.

By the item description or the technical specification, by soil type and depth. In the tool the slope is entered as horizontal : vertical and the margin as width added to each side of the base.

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